Tony Fernandes and Airasia Essay Example For Students

Tony Fernandes and Airasia Essay Early years Born in Kuala Lumpur to a Goan father and Malacca Portuguese mother, Dato Sri Tony Fernandes is the child of the late Stephen Edward Fernandes, and Ena Dorothy Fernandez. At the point when he was youthful, he used to follow his mom, an agent, to Tupperware vendor gatherings and shows. He was taught at Epsom College 1977-83 and afterward moved on from the London School of Economics in 1987. He worked quickly with Virgin Atlantic as an inspector, in this way turning into the budgetary controller for Richard Bransons Virgin Records in London from 1987 to 1989. 1] Tony was conceded as Associate Member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) in 1991 and became Fellow Member in 1996. Upon his arrival to Malaysia, he turned into the most youthful regularly overseeing executive of Warner Music (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd. In spite of the fact that a bookkeeper, Fernandes is a novice guitarist and furthermore has accomplished evaluation 8 piano which is the place his m elodic tendency falsehoods. He was answerable for upsetting ethnic music, nasyid and dangdut, carrying them into the standard of contemporary Malaysian music. He thusly turned into the South East Asian territorial VP for Warner Music Group from 1992-2001. We will compose a custom exposition on Tony Fernandes and Airasia explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now At the point when Time Warner Inc reported its merger with America Online Inc. , Fernandes left to seek after his fantasy about beginning a spending plan nitty gritty aircraft. Be that as it may, his application for a permit from the Malaysian government was dismissed. Propelling AirAsia It was through Datuk Pahamin A. Rejab, the previous secretary-general of the Malaysian Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs Ministry that Fernandes got the chance to get together with the then Prime Minister, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad in October 2001. AirAsia, the vigorously obligated auxiliary of the Malaysian government-claimed combination, DRB-Hicom, was losing cash quickly. Rather than beginning without any preparation, Mahathir prompted Fernandes to purchase a current aircraft. Fernandes sold his home and sank his reserve funds to get the organization, including two maturing Boeing 737-300 planes (9M-AAA and 9M-AAB) and USD$11 million (RM40 million) worth of obligations, for 26 US pennies (one ringgit), and changed it into an industry player. Coming soon after the 11 September 2001, without a doubt the most noticeably terrible day throughout the entire existence of business aeronautics when no one needed to fly, everybody imagined that Fernandes had gone insane, anticipating that the organization would bomb iserably. However, only one year after his takeover, AirAsia had made back the initial investment and cleared every one of its obligations. Its first sale of stock (IPO) in November 2004 was oversubscribed by 130 percent. Fernandes says his planning was in actuality great: Since 11 September 2001, airplane renting costs were down 40%. Additionally, aircraft lay-offs mean experienced staff were promptly accessible. He trusted Malaysian explorers would grasp a cut-rate air administration that will set aside them time and cash, particularly in a tight economy. That was the reason he duplicated one of the universes best nitty gritty transporters, Ryanair out of Ireland (which thusly is designed according to Southwest Airlines in the United States). Fernandes ponders 50 percent of the explorers on Asia’s spending aircrafts are first-time flyers. Before AirAsia, he assesses that solitary six percent of Malaysians had ever gone in a plane. Different endeavors In 2007, Tony Fernandes has again made a first in Asia by beginning an inn network, Tune Hotels which depends on the straightforward idea. The main Tune Hotel was opened at the crossing point of Jalan Sultan Ismail and Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman in the core of Kuala Lumpur. Extensions are underway as more inns will be opened up all through Malaysia. Another new Tune Hotel will be opening soon in Bali, Indonesia. Starting at 2009, Fernandes is likewise the leader of the ABL (Asian Basketball League). Fernandes has expressed that it has consistently been a fantasy of his to have the option to be engaged with the advancement of sports in the ASEAN locale. Lotus F1 Fernandes is the group head of the new Lotus F1 Racing, which has been conceded section into the 2010 Formula One season. .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 , .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .postImageUrl , .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 , .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:hover , .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:visited , .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:active { border:0!important; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:active , .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-embellishment: underline; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013 e44326323a43 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ubb6b67395492e39d5013e44326323a43:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: I have a fantasy EssayHaving at first wanted to remain down from the job after the season starts, he has since demonstrated that he will carry on in this position. On 16 December 2009, Fernandes acknowledged a demand from Richard Branson, a kindred aircraft chief and the proprietor of Lotus individual F1 newcomers Virgin Racing, where the losing groups manager should take a shot at the victors carrier for a day dressed as an attendant kidding The hotter the better. Our travelers will be enchanted to be served by a Knight of the Realm, yet knowing Richard, the genuine test will be to keep him from asking our visitors espresso, tea or e ? That would be terrifying. On this, the group likewise delivered a banner portraying Branson in an Air Asia uniform. West Ham United Fernandes is a devotee of English Premier League club West Ham United and has been engaged with talks concerning a takeover of the club. Accomplishments and grants Fernandes greatest accomplishment has been to transform the AirAsia aircraft into a universal bearer. Before the making of AirAsia, nations in the locale didn't have open-skies understandings. In mid-2003, Fernandes campaigning pushed Dr Mahathir to raise the thought with the pioneers of neighboring Thailand, Indonesia, and Singapore. Thus, those countries have conceded landing rights to AirAsia and other rebate bearers. Fernandes has in fact gotten under way the approach of spending transporters in the area. Presently, Southeast Asia has various low-value transporters, for example, * Malaysias Firefly (claimed by Malaysia Airlines) * Singapore’s Tiger Airways (possessed by Singapore Airlines); * Singapore’s Valuair and Jetstar Asia (mostly possessed by Qantas Airways) (the two aircrafts converged in 2005); * Thailands Nok Air; Indonesias Lion Air; * Vietnams Jetstar Pacific (earlier Pacific Airlines), and * Philippiness Cebu Pacific. In 2004, AirAsia shaped effective joint endeavors in Thailand and Indonesia where AirAsia holds 49% stake in the two organizations. Thai AirAsia, a joint endeavor with Shin Corporation, Thailand’s biggest media transmissi on aggregate, took to the skies in Feb 2004 and needs to date extended 1 million visitors in its first year of tasks. PT AWAIR, re-propelled as a low admission aircraft on Dec eighth 2004 and in this manner re-named Indonesia AirAsia, by and by serves 5 household goals in Indonesia. Fernandes has gotten a few honors for his exceptional accomplishments: * International Herald Tribune Award for the Visionaries Leadership Series, for his remarkable work in AirAsia; * Malaysian CEO of the Year 2003 in December 2003 †a profoundly acclaimed acknowledgment, so far granted to just nine different beneficiaries in the nation, by American Express and Business Times. The honor was an activity to perceive innovative and administrative skill and execution among pioneers of Malaysian companies. * Named the joint victor of the CEO of the Year 2003 honor by American Express Corporate Services and Business Times . Developing Entrepreneur of the Year in the Ernst ; Young Entrepreneur Of The Year Awards in 2003; * Made the rundown of Business Weeks 25 Stars of Asia in 2005. * Malaysian Ernst Young Entrepreneur of the Year 2006 * Excellence In Leadership Asia Pacific Leadership Awards 2009 Fernandes has additionally been respected by the Malaysian government with title Dato Ser i and furthermore by the administration of France with the Legion dHonneur title. Riches In 2007, Forbes Asia esteemed Fernandes per

Forensic Handwriting Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Handwriting Analysis - Essay Example The field of logical penmanship investigation decides the legitimacy of a mark or archive. Then again, Graphology is the investigation of penmanship examination that evaluates the author's qualities and character expressing that any two essayists are exceptionally far-fetched to have comparable penmanship attributes as style, (full scale highlight) and opening in characters, (miniaturized scale highlights), perfection, size, inclination, shape and rakishness and so on. Addressed Document Examination or QDE which has been a calling since at any rate 1870, is identified with any addressed record in any signature, penmanship, typing, PC wrongdoing identification, chronicled dating, extortion examination or different imprints whose source or personality is in question or far fetched. The most addressed reports are wills, visas, self destruction notes, lottery tickets, composed wrongdoing, cubicle wrongdoing, craftsmanship and sex wrongdoing and so forth along these lines, to check their genuineness certain strategies for measurable investigation have been created. The strategy for indented composing or second page composing is the impression caught from the composing instrument on pieces of paper underneath the one that contains the first composition and is helpful in recognizing significant examination techniques when clinical records are associated with containing adjustments.

5 Best Landing Page Tools For Better Conversions

5 Best Landing Page Tools For Better Conversions Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Best Landing Page Tools For Better ConversionsUpdated On 02/12/2017Author : Chitraparna SinhaTopic : BloggingShort URL : https://hbb.me/2j9AbOt CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogIf you are a serious marketer, then you must be searching for the best landing page tools. Designing a perfect landing page may not be as easy as it seems but it sure isn’t a daunting task. A good landing page always plays a vital role for a company and in an individual’s business. The landing page acts as a user interface; it is the starting point where your potential clients and product meet for the first time.Best Landing Page ToolsA landing page determines how a business will progress, at least in the beginning. No matter how great your product is, if the landing page fails to connect with the target audience, the product marketing won’t yield favorable results. Alternatively, if you feel like your product has to offer only a little bit more than other mainstream products, and yet you manage to make a sleek landing page, then chances are your product is going to get a good start. There is countless research to show the value of well-crafted, sleek and psychologically provoking landing pages. Now, how do you actually create landing pages?This article is going to be about creating best landing pages with tools. I have prepared a list, and here it is.1. GetResponseGetResponse is my top choice when it comes to landing page tools. It has various plans ranging from $15 a month to $799 a month, based on the scale and size of your online campaigns.With GetResponse, you also easily design and conduct webinars and interact with large audiences over the Internet. To get access to webinars you have to, at least, choose the Pro package, which comes at $49 per month.LOVING GETRESPONSE? WHY DONT YOU START A FREE ACCOUNT CHECK IT OUT?Sign Up For GetResponse Now And Start Your Free Trial Account ASAP!Working with GetResponse has been a very smooth ride for me. It is very easy to use, and you don’t need to be a tech genius to access its features. You can create flawless landing pages and ensure maximum conversions. GetResponse is best known for its amazing auto responder service. Using an autoresponder is one of the very few great ways for creating a big email list.Autoresponders like GetResponse are used to automate emails to the people on your email list. GetResponse is one of the best tools when it comes to providing landing page services. Check out our previous comparison between GetResponse and MailChimp.2. UnbounceIf you want brilliant landing pages that are mobile responsive, then Unbounce is a worthwhile option. With over 200 templates that can be completely customized according to specific needs, it gives you all the help you need.READ7 Strategies to Earn Money from Your Blog in 2019It easily integrates with other marketing tools like MailChimp , Salesforce, Marketo, Aweber and Constant Contact. Unbounce has been designed and developed by keeping landing pages in mind. Unbounce offers a lot of free templates so that those who do not have any experience in creating a landing page can start making beautiful landing pages with a few efforts.3. OptimizelyOptimizely is a great landing page tool for those who are newbies in coding or don’t have any knowledge about coding. Optimizely offers landing pages with a visual editor and hence no coding is required. They also offer free basic features for a single website. With this landing page tool, you get a bundle of features like the code-free visual editor, varied integrations.You can develop targeted campaigns for individual audiences. It has different plans, which involve free and enterprise packages. They give you various features like templates and A/B testing.4. Crazy EggWhenever there is a talk of the best landing page tools, there is absolutely no way that Crazy Egg wouldnâ €™t get mentioned. Crazy Egg is a landing page tool developed by the well-known business entrepreneur Neil Patel. Crazy Egg provides you with the ability to know of what your users are doing at your website.The creative methods of Crazy Egg help you in figuring out how to create the most suitable landing page for your product and build a beneficial email list.5. InstaPageInstaPage is another one of the most popular landing page tools on the Internet. InstaPage offers almost all of the features that Unbounce has to offer and in addition, its landing pages are very responsive. InstaPage also lets you optimize the conversion rate of your blog.So, these were the best landing page tools available on the internet at the moment. Other than these five landing page tools, there are a lot of different landing page tools which might get you interested, but as we have mentioned, these are one of the best landing page tools.HAVE YOU OPTIMIZED YOUR WEBSITE/BLOG FOR BETTER CONVERSION RATE?20+ Esse ntial Tips To Improve Your Website Conversion RateAre you using any of these tools? Did we miss your favorite landing page tools? We have been using GetResponse for the past few months and its quite awesome. Its a wonderful investment for your marketing works. You can check it out and let us know your views in the comments below.

Assessing Teachers’ Effectiveness Essay - 1376 Words

The techniques used in evaluating effectiveness of teachers have changed over time together with the definition of effective teaching. These changes have been brought by increased federal and state supervision of accountability of teachers both in schools and in class. Most researchers concede that good teaching is crucial and a key factor in improving students performance. However, researchers have not agreed on the best way of measuring teachers’ effectiveness, because there is no consensus on what constitutes an effective tutor. Some of the traditional methods that have been employed in measuring teachers’ effectiveness include classroom observations meant to compare tutoring practices against certain standard measures (Gay, Mills †¦show more content†¦This report concluded that the system that is used in evaluating the effectiveness of teachers provides meager information on how performance varies from one tutor to another. The most significant finding in t his report was that ninety eight percent of American teachers were ranked as satisfactory in term of their effectiveness. This saw education analysts conclude that assessing effectiveness of teachers solely based on classroom observation is a flawed approach (Castle Shaklee, 2006). States and school districts in the United States have created databases that enable the tracking of performance of students from one year to another. In addition, these databases have also enabled the comparison of students studying the same courses, but located in different classes. A careful examination of these databases confirmed the doubts in the mind of many parents, students, teachers, and policymakers that such an assessment approach is faulty. This data revealed that the ability of teachers to enhance student growth and achievement varied significantly (Killen, 2006). In trying to develop a comprehensive system, some school districts in Denver, New York, Washington DC, and Houston have started u sing the students’ annual test score method as a measure of evaluating teachers’ effectiveness (Wilkerson Lang, 2007). However, many policy makers have maintained that the use of test scores in evaluating theShow MoreRelatedThe Current Practice Of Classroom Assessment1369 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Lee (2010) quantitative method to collect data concerning the practices of 51 Korean teacher to assess student’s skills. The questionnaire provides details about the current practice of classroom assessment. It was noticed that in Korean middle schools performance based tasks were mainly focused, classroom speaking assessment was mostly conducted in the form of testing using speaking performance tasks to evaluate the topic or follow the education policy of Korea. Assessment practicesRead MoreThe Current Practice Of Classroom Assessment1479 Words   |  6 Pagesdefined as â€Å"a process of monitoring or keeping track of the learner’s progress† (Rea-Dickins, 2000, p.376). For good assessment, teacher has to be assessment literate means that they should have knowledge about the assessment strategies, techniques and concepts (Rogier, 2014). According to Lee (2010) quantitative method to collect data concerning the practices of 51 Korean teacher to assess student’s skills. The questionnaire provides details about the current practice of classroom assessment. It wasRead MoreCreating A Word Problem For Students975 Words   |  4 Pagesor have more of a understanding of word problem will be able to fill in their own matrix and provide their own suggestion in order to create a word problem. The student that need more support will work in groups to provide suggestion to the teacher, then teacher will guide the student on which components they are choosing in correspondence to the number they roll with the dice. Simple to complex because students can make their matrixes more complex by adding more facet or by adding more option andRead MoreEvaluation And Explain The Four Stages Of The Assessment Process1486 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of this reading is to define â€Å"evaluation† and explain the four stages of the assessment process. Evaluations are a critical part of the learning process. Assessments not only evaluates the students’, but also the teacher since they are able to evaluate their own techniques and skills. The first thing addressed in the reading is an explanation of the difference between an â€Å"evaluation† and an â€Å"assessment†. Tenbrink (2015) describes the four stages of the evaluation process. The first stepRead MoreUsing Convenience Sampling At School High School Level1270 Words   |  6 PagesTwenty male teachers in different parts of Iran (mainly Lorestan Province) who teach English in junior high school level have been invited to partake in the current study. All the teachers hold BA, MA, and PhD in English and their age ranges from 24 to 60 years old. It should be pointed out that the participants in this study were selected using convenience sampling. 4.2 Instrument Semi-structured interview by the researcher was used in this study. This aims to identify and investigate criteriaRead MoreInterviewing And Conferencing As An Assessment819 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Assessment in a classroom is a strategy employed by teachers, to evaluate the student’s response to learning. The teacher gathers information while interpreting the evidence in trying to understand and make judgments about the student learning. In presenting assessment to the students, the student has verbalized their knowledge on what they have just learned, organize their thoughts and present it out in the summary. The need for assessing the student aims at understanding what they learned inRead MoreEffective District Level Leader Promotes The Success Of Learning For All Students1218 Words   |  5 Pagesinternship activities were Organizational Effectiveness, Field Project-Issue Impacting Learning, Effective Schools Project, School Board Activity, Field Experience Project, and Diversity Plan Outline. These activities refined my critical and analytical thinking skills, which enabled me to understand in-depth the analysis of major issues in schools: 1) data design; 2) colle ction of data; 3) understanding assessment of data; 4) organizational effectiveness and how it effects student achievement. 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However, Hanushek (2014), contends that teachers alone are not responsible for student achievemen t. There are several education inputs that contribute to the outcome, or student achievementRead MoreThe Responsibilities And Boundaries Of Teachers1137 Words   |  5 Pagesevaluate the use of different assessment methods. The responsibilities and boundaries of teachers are centred within the following themes; Initial assessment, planning and preparing lessons, delivering and managing learning, supporting learning, and assessment. Initial assessment Assessing a student’s competence is one of the most important tasks faced by teachers. Initial assessment is designed to help teachers find out what students know already so as to provide them with the correct support that

Human Resource Development and Organisational Perfomance

EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFOMANCE Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 1 ORGANISATIONS AND HRD 1 HRD AND MOTIVATION 1 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 2 ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING 2 OTHER EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT APPROACHES 3 Coaching and Mentoring 3 Talent management Career Development 4 Net Gen’ers: Learning Gets Social 5 Knowledge management 5 CONCLUSION 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY II HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE INTRODUCTION It is often debated and generally accepted that human resource development (HRD) activities are important in an organisation. But the question lies within to what extent and how much does it contribute. The reason may lie in†¦show more content†¦In other words organisations must transform into learning environments, where continuous learning is experienced, thus transforming into a Learning Organisation. Learning organisation thrives for continuous improvement of its capacities in order to make the organisation ready to face the future. For example learning and development process at Corus; a Tata Steel company and Europe s second largest steel producer with annual revenues of around  £12 billion, employing around 40,000 people worldwide, is moderated by structuring the learning process within their organisation through setting up a Corus Academy. The Corus Academy was based on sharing best practices and maximizing common approaches. Its main objective focus on Constant Improvement was achieved through the sharing of ideas across the entire company, where both individual and organisational learning occurred simultaneously becoming a learning organisation itself. (TheTimes100, 2009). Other Employee Development Approaches Development is the growth or realization of a person’s ability and potential through the provision of learning and training experiences (Armstrong, 2006). 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The Effects Of Immigrants On American Agriculture

The Effect of Immigrants in American Agriculture: Over the past couple decades the number of undocumented immigrants involved in American agriculture has increased by the hundreds. They have dominated the fields on the west coast and have been put to work in some very harsh conditions. Many people in the US believe that these men, women, and even children are occupying jobs that legal citizens could have. We realize that even though much of our agriculture these days is harvested by modern technologies, a big part of the agriculture’s economy is made up of labor intensive from people, such as harvesting grapes, strawberries, pistachios, raspberries, etcetera. As we dig deeper into this topic we will realize why our agricultural†¦show more content†¦Obviously since these crops are harvested with machines, not much human labor is needed, in fact almost none at all. Now, the other 37% of the 208 billion dollars represent the $77.2 billion that is made off of all the labor intensive products such as strawberries, app les, pistachios, melons, and all other sorts of vegetables, nuts, and fruits. Now, where do the immigrants of the US play into this? The interesting thing is that in the labor intensive harvesting jobs is that we find a growing abundance of immigrants. So how is it that those jobs aren’t occupied by Americans? Flash back to the the end of the 1400s and the beginning of the 1500s. Columbus discovered the Americas under funding of Spain and The Catholic Kings. Spain colonized most of Central America and basically the entire â€Å"Wild West†. Spanish became a native language in that area. Then came Manifest Destiny and the Mexican American war broke out ending in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 giving the US all the land what is now considered New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, and CALIFORNIA!!! Ring any bells? So basically these â€Å"immigrants† actually share ancestral land with a country that considers them outsiders. Now, you must be wondering why I am talking about ancestral land instead of economy. Well they both have to do a lot with each other. Many of the hispanic people who were stuck in the US after the treaty were farmers, it wasShow MoreRelatedShould The Deportation Of All Immigrants Really? Make America Great Again?995 Words   |  4 Pagesdeporta tion of all immigrants really â€Å"make America great again?† Consider how Native Americans were the first to inhabit the lands of Florida. Christopher Columbus and his counterparts stepped into the scene and claimed to have discovered the New World. In this case, it is true that history repeats itself because the issue of driving people out of free land persists today. Perhaps it’s because there are several misconceptions associated with immigrants. 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Work Related Stress and Counseling

Question: Discuss about theWork Related Stress and Counseling. Answer: Work- Related Stress Introduction Stress can be defined as a disturbance of individuals mental or physical equilibrium as a result of a reaction to a given stimulus(Dorothy, 2013). A stressful event initiates biological responses, fight-or-flight, that triggers hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline that flow through ones body. According to John Shepherd Kims video on How to manage work-related Stress, he outlines several ways to manage work-related stress. This section will review the concepts presented in the video. Features of Work-Related Stress John suggests that work is a major component to an individual's psychological well-being as it provides one with social support, engage in physical and mental activities as well as gaining a sense of identity. According to research, is noted that work-related stress is one of the most assessed health risks in Singapore, as most professionals underperform in their daily tasks due to mismanagement of work-related stress. In episode 41, John presents us with how an individual can be classified as experiencing work-related stress. First, if one experiences fatigue he or she might be experiencing work-related stress. Arguably fatigue can arise from overworking or brain strain. Fatigue is a common workplace-related stress as individuals feel they are not able to achieve their daily tasks at a given moment. Additionally, another salient feature that is associated with work-related stress is multiple episodes of insomnia. Scholars define insomnia as a sleeping disorder where an individual ex periences shortness in sleep(Pandi-Perumal Kramer, 2010). Furthermore, John states that workers who are diagnosed with work-related stress tend to experience multiple headaches and migraines associated with diarrhea. Stress as a disturbance t the physical well-being of an individual tends to alter the functioning of the body. Other bodily symptoms that depict work-related stress include constipation and multiple heart palpitations as postulated in the video. Additionally, there are other bodily symptoms of stress such nausea, chest pains, frequent colds and infections and loss of sexual desire and ability(Pandi-Perumal Kramer, 2010). Also, he asserts that pessimism and feelings to overwhelm encompassed with the inability to cope with work the daily work tasks as activities. Notably, with the dysfunctions of the physical activities an individual will experience feelings of being unable to complete tasks. Pessimism refers to feelings of hopelessness in accomplishing an objective. Therefore, it is evident that a stressed worker will automatically possess such symptoms. To add on, John suggests that other symptoms result in work-related stress such as workers experiencing diminished creativity and inability to make rational decisions. When one is faced with a stressful event at work, he will tend to be less creative as the mind is settled for proper functioning. Furthermore, unsettled minds tend to create some discrepancies in making credible decisions. Such results to making risky decisions that might lead to a poor business performance regarding service delivery. Lastly, he emphasizes that work-related stress tends to be associated with irritability, reduced ability to make adequate decisions, diminished creativity, isolation, aggression, problems with interpersonal relationship with other workers. With these symptoms related to a person with work-stress, it is evident that an individual will depict poor work creativity that will lead to a drop in job performance. Stress Management: Video Review According to the YouTube Video, John suggests crucial steps in starting a work-related stress management scheme. First, one has to identify the stressor. He suggests that one must be able to determine the source of work stress such as from the top most management or fellow workers, from physical issues such as commuting to work, or for a given work task. Scholars suggest that when one can identify a stressor, it will be much easier for him to manage the work-related stress. Furthermore, research suggests that individuals who are aware of their stressors tend to collaborate in counseling sessions accordingly and they recover from the stressful events (cite). John suggests that if one can identify a stressor such as the boss. One must formulate queries to detect what elements in the stressor are the main cause of stress. Therefore, it is imperative to acknowledge the main cause of stress emerging for the boss and dealing with it at a personal level. As such if one can deal with the work-related stress from the boss he/she has achieved a milestone in the first stage of stress management. He adds on and says that if one identify that the work task is the main source of stress, it is an individual responsibility to change the parameters within the stressor. Consequently, he stipulates the second stage, tip to managing work-related stress as a product of organization. He advises individuals that being organized helps one to have a clear mind. Organization skills are a significant component of work-related stress management. It is easier to avoid stressful events when one is fully organized. John suggests the use of to-do lists where individuals can be able to meet work task deadlines to avoid stressors such as accumulation of work tasks. The fourth step in managing stress as suggested by John in the video focusses on the balancing health and work. He suggests that one must take good care of himself when it comes to health matters so as to enjoy the fruits of their labor in a healthy state. Research suggest that workaholics tend to experience stressful events more often. Overdoing something will initiate some bodily dysfunction which might lead to poor health, as such, an individual will not be able to balance both parameters. Conclusively, John gives a fourth tip basing on the direction of stress. He proclaims that when one is stressed up it is not advisable to direct anger and aggression towards a family member or co-workers, instead, he should learn to share with them and in the process, he might get help. Alternatively, one can seek further support from family members or counseling firms so that they can contribute in managing stress levels. Reflection The video outline the building blocks that counselors can focus on during therapy sessions. Work-related stress has been a major issue with most corporate workers in Singapore. The video also acts a form of treatment which might help the client best understand the dynamics involved in managing work-related stress. In a workplace scenario, it evident that one can experience work overload and pressure from top management. Therefore, after viewing this video, I find it helpful in areas of one being able to identify a specific source of stress and being able to manage ones own stress. Furthermore, the video reveals some simple tips that can help individuals manage stress at a personal level. Applying Counselling Skills Incorporating counseling skills in managing work-related stress is essential for any counselor. First, one must create a therapeutic relationship with the client. After creating a positive relation, a counselor must gather relevant data regarding work-related stress as specified in the video. Secondly, one has to set therapeutic goals in achieving the objective of letting the client out of the facility when he or she is stress-free. After goals are created, there is always room for restructuring or modeling the set goals of therapy by looking at alternatives through utilization of theories in psychology. Lastly, a generalized action must be postulated that will focus on treating the patient(Ivey, Ivey, Zalaquett, 2013). For the case study of Mary and Allen, the following table will outline the possible strengths and weakness of the counseling session. Comments Table Basic Counselling Skills Comments Attending Skills Verbal Visual Vocal Body Language The counselor clearly used verbal skills and vocal skills appropriately. The counselor did not utilize the use of body language and visual patterns from the client. It could be of help from the authenticity of information given by the client Questioning Open-Ended Questions Close Ended Questions The counselor utilized the use of both types of questions pro-actively and was able to formulate feasible alternatives. Active Listening Skills Encouraging Paraphrasing Summarizing The counselor was undoubtedly encouraging to the client and utilized summarizing skills that are appropriate for a decisional model. Reflection of feelings In my own view, the counselor was well focused and outlined the objectives accordingly to the intervention process of the client 5 Stages of Counselling Rapport Data Gathering Mutual Goal Setting Working Action All the five stages of counseling were out rightly followed. Confrontation Skills Confrontation skills were used as it was relevant to know of other activities that are more liked by the client. Focusing (which dimensions did the counselor focus on) The counselor focused on creating alternatives that the client will make a decision on career development. Reflection of Meaning (What counseling approaches did the counselor use during the session?) Logo-therapy Person-centered Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral The counselor used person-centered therapy as he focused on the personal values of the client Influencing and Integration Skills (evaluate based on which influencing skills did the counselor used most) The counselor repeatedly used self-disclosure feedback so that he could know more of the clients personal values to generate possibilities that will let the client make a viable decision Conclusion Counseling skills are essential for the betterment of a therapeutic session with a client who tends to experience work-related stress. Work-related stress can be managed by an individual as well as seek family or counseling services depending on the nature of the source of stress. As per the video and the case study, it is important for individuals to understand themselves better and take good care of their health to avoid work-related stress. References Dorothy, C. H. (2013). Formulation and Definition in Stress Management. In Stress Management: An Integrated Approach to Therapy (pp. 27-48). New York: Brunner/Mazel Inc. Douglas, B., Woolfe, R., Strawbridge, S., Kasket, E., Galbraith, V. (2016). The Handbook of Counselling Psychology. SAGE Publishers. Ivey, A. E., Ivey, M., Zalaquett, C. P. (2013). Intentional interviewing and counseling: Facilitating client development in a multicultural society. Nelson Education. Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Kramer, M. (2010). Sleep and mental illness. London: Cambridge University Press.